4.1 Shortcuts, arithmetic commands, logic, and other helpful tools
Shortcuts
Run
| Task | Windows & Linux | Mac |
|---|---|---|
| Run | Ctrl + Enter |
Cmd + Return |
Shortcuts for editing
| Task | Windows & Linux | Mac |
|---|---|---|
| Copy | Ctrl + C |
Cmd + C |
| Paste | Ctrl + V |
Cmd + V |
| Undo | Ctrl + Z |
Cmd + Z |
| Redo | Ctrl + Shift + Z |
Cmd + Shift + Z |
| Select All | Ctrl + A |
Cmd + A |
| Indent | Tab |
Tab |
| Outdent | Shift + Tab |
Shift + Tab |
| Insert pipe operator | Cmd + Shift + M |
Cmd + Shift + M |
Arithmetic operators
| Task | Operator | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Addition | + |
x + y |
| Substraction | - |
x - y |
| Multiplication | * |
x * y |
| Division | / |
x / y |
| Exponent | ^ |
x ^ y |
Logic commands
| Task | Operator | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Equal | == |
x == y |
| Not equal | != |
x != y |
| Greater than | > |
x > y |
| Less than | < |
x < y |
| Greater than or equal to | >= |
x >= y |
| Less than or equal to | <= |
x <= y |
Other important operators
| Task | Operator | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Call for the help menu for the respective function | ? |
?mean |
| Assigning a name or value | <- |
Name <- "Chop" |
| To access one variable in a data set | $ |
DataSet$IWantThisColumn |
| Searching or calling exact characters | "" |
"Chop Spring" |
| Concatenate (c), combines arguments, both numbers or words, into a vector | c() |
Name <- c("Jared", "Daniel", "Chop") Numbers <- c(1,2,3) |
| Another form of concatenation used when writing long scripts of code which span multiple lines | + |
This line + this line too |